surprise

• n. 驚奇，詫異；突然襲擊
• vt. 使驚奇；奇襲
• adj. 令人驚訝的

sur-,在上，-prise,抓住，縮寫自 prehens,詞源同 prison,comprehension.引申詞義突然抓住，吃 驚，意外。

surprise

surprise: [15] To surprise someone is etymologically to ‘overtake’ them. The word comes from the past participle of Old French surprendre ‘overtake’, a compound verb formed from the prefix sur- ‘over’ and prendre ‘take’. By the time it reached English it was being used for ‘affect suddenly, as with a particular emotion’ (‘He shall be so surprised with anger and furious woodness [madness]’, William Caxton, Eneydos 1490), and this gradually evolved via ‘take unawares’ to, in the mid 17th century, ‘astonish’.
=> apprehend, comprehend, prison, reprehensible

surprise (n.)

also formerly surprize, late 14c., "unexpected attack or capture," from Old French surprise "a taking unawares" (13c.), from noun use of past participle of Old French sorprendre "to overtake, seize, invade" (12c.), from sur- "over" (see sur- (1)) + prendre "to take," from Latin prendere, contracted from prehendere "to grasp, seize" (see prehensile). Meaning "something unexpected" first recorded 1590s, that of "feeling of astonishment caused by something unexpected" is c. 1600. Meaning "fancy dish" is attested from 1708.

A Surprize is ... a dish ... which promising little from its first appearance, when open abounds with all sorts of variety. [W. King, "Cookery," 1708]

Surprise party originally was a stealth military detachment (1826); festive sense is attested by 1857; according to Thornton's "American Glossary," originally a gathering of members of a congregation at the house of their preacher "with the ostensible purpose of contributing provisions, &c., for his support," and sometimes called a donation party. Phrase taken by surprise is attested from 1690s.

surprise (v.)

also formerly surprize, late 14c., "overcome, overpower" (of emotions), from the noun or from Anglo-French surprise, fem. past participle of Old French surprendre (see surprise (n.)). Meaning "come upon unexpectedly" is from 1590s; that of "strike with astonishment" is 1650s.

1. Sue screamed, not loudly, more in surprise than terror.

休尖叫起來，聲音不大，吃驚多於恐懼。

來自柯林斯例句

2. The Foreign Office in London has expressed surprise at these allegations.

位於倫敦的英國外交部對這些說法表示驚訝.

來自柯林斯例句

3. She looked as if the photographer had caught her by surprise.

看上去，她好像被攝影師搞了個猝不及防。

來自柯林斯例句

4. Bob tried the door. To his surprise it opened.

鮑勃試著推了推門。令他吃驚的是，門竟然開了。

來自柯林斯例句

5. The surprise twists in the storyline are the film's greatest strength.

該影片最精彩之處就是劇情的曲折離奇。

來自柯林斯例句