refractory

• adj. 難治的；難熔的；不聽話的
• n. 倔強的人；耐火物質

re-,向後，往回，-fract,破開，碎開，詞源同 break,fraction.-ory,形容詞後綴。字麵意思即寧為 玉碎的，引申詞義倔強的，頑固的。

refractory (adj.)

"stubborn, obstinate, perverse," 1610s (earlier refractorious, 1550s, refractary, c. 1600), from Latin refractarius "obstinate, stubborn," from past participle stem of refringere (see refraction). Related: Refractorily; refractoriness.

1. He is a very refractory child .

他是一個很倔強的孩子。

來自辭典例句

2. Silicate minerals are characteristically refractory and difficult to break down.

矽酸鹽礦物的特點是耐熔和難以分離.

來自辭典例句

3. The excreta of aquatic animals - fish, frogs, turtles, snakes, etc - contain similar refractory materials.

水生動植物如魚 、 蛙 、 龜 、 蛇等的排泄物中也會含有類似的難處理的物質.

來自辭典例句

4. The excreta of humans and land animals contain soluble refractory organic matter.

人和陸生動物排泄物含有可溶的難處理有機物質.

來自辭典例句

5. Reflux leads to recurrent or refractory aspiration pneumonia.

反流可引起複發的難治的吸入性肺炎.

來自辭典例句