pine

• vi. 渴望，痛苦；憔悴
• n. [林] 鬆樹；鳳梨，菠蘿
• vt. 為…悲哀；哀悼
• adj. 鬆木的；似鬆的
• n. (Pine)人名；(英)派因

來自拉丁語pinus,鬆樹，鬆果，鬆脂，來自PIE*peie,肥的，脂肪，汁液，詞源同fat,pitch.

來自古英語pinian,折磨，疼痛，詞源同pain,penal.引申詞義難過，悲傷。

pine

pine: [OE] English has two words pine. The treename was borrowed from Latin pīnus, which some have traced to the Indo-European base *pīt- ‘resin’ (source of English pituitary [17]). Pine-cones were originally called pineapples [14], but in the mid 17th century the name was transferred to the tropical plant whose juicy yellow-fleshed fruit was held to resemble a pinecone.

The Latin term for ‘pine-cone’ was pīnea, whose Vulgar Latin derivative *pīneolus has given English pinion ‘cog-wheel’ [17], and it seems likely that English pinnace [16] comes via French and Spanish from Vulgar Latin *pīnācea nāvis ‘ship made of pine-wood’. And the pinot noir [20] grape is etymologically the grape with ‘pine-cone’-shaped bunches. Pine ‘languish’ is a derivative of an unrecorded Old English noun *pīne ‘torture’, originally borrowed into Germanic from pēna, the post-classical descendant of Latin poena ‘penalty’ (source of English pain).
=> pinion, pinnace, pituitary; pain

pine (n.)

"coniferous tree," Old English pin (in compounds), from Old French pin and directly from Latin pinus "pine, pine-tree, fir-tree," which is perhaps from a PIE *pi-nu-, from root *peie- "to be fat, swell" (see fat (adj.)). If so, the tree's name would be a reference to its sap or pitch. Compare Sanskrit pituh "juice, sap, resin," pitudaruh "pine tree," Greek pitys "pine tree." Also see pitch (n.1). Pine-top "cheap illicit whiskey," first recorded 1858, Southern U.S. slang. Pine-needle (n.) attested from 1866.

Most of us have wished vaguely & vainly at times that they knew a fir from a pine. As the Scotch fir is not a fir strictly speaking, but a pine, & as we shall continue to ignore this fact, it is plain that the matter concerns the botanist more than the man in the street. [Fowler]

pine (v.)

Old English pinian "to torture, torment, afflict, cause to suffer," from *pine "pain, torture, punishment," possibly ultimately from Latin poena "punishment, penalty," from Greek poine (see penal). A Latin word borrowed into Germanic (Middle Dutch pinen, Old High German pinon, German Pein, Old Norse pina) with Christianity. Intransitive sense of "to languish, waste away," the main modern meaning, is first recorded early 14c. Related: Pined; pining.

1. Make sure your pet won't pine while you're away.

要確保不在家時寵物不會想你。

來自柯林斯例句

2. A thrush alighted on a branch of the pine tree.

一隻鶇落在鬆樹的樹枝上。

來自柯林斯例句

3. Battered pine floors slanted down to a Georgian window.

破舊的鬆木地板歪歪斜斜地鋪到一個喬治王時代風格的窗戶跟前。

來自柯林斯例句

4. A grey carpet was removed to reveal the original pine floor.

一塊灰色的地毯被揭開，露出了原來的鬆木地板。

來自柯林斯例句

5. There are pine trees as far as the eye can see.

放眼望去，除了鬆樹還是鬆樹。

來自柯林斯例句