jubilee

• n. （猶太史）五十年節（每五十年舉行一次慶祝希伯來奴隸的解放）；大赦年（天主教每二十五年一次的）；歡樂的佳節，歡樂的節日；重要的周年紀念

來自jubilaeus,周年大慶，來自希臘語iobelos,來自希伯來語yobhel,山羊，羊角，周年大慶。

原指猶太教每50周年，即每7年為一周期，7個周期之後的大周期之年，在這一年裏人們會吹起羊角，奴隸被釋放，土地得到休耕或進行重新分配，以作為與上帝的和好或贖罪。部分學者經過考證後認為該希伯來詞實際上是借自印歐語詞，來自PIE*yu,歡樂的叫聲，呼喊，詞源同jubilant.比較silver jubilee,ruby jubilee,golden jubilee,diamond jubilee,platinum jubilee.

jubilee

jubilee: [14] Despite their similarity, jubilee has no etymological connection with jubilation [14] and jubilant [17]; but they have exerted a considerable influence on it over the centuries. It was originally a Hebrew word: Hebrew yōbhēl meant ‘leading animal, ram’, and by extension ‘ram’s horn’, and since a ram’s horn was blown to announce the start of a special year (set aside once every fifty years according to ancient Hebrew law) in which slaves were freed, land left untilled, etc, the term yōbēl came to be used for the year itself.

Greek took it over as ióbēlos and formed an adjective from it, iōbēlaios. This was passed on to Latin, and it was here that jubilation took a hand. Latin jūbilāre (source of English jubilation) originally meant simply ‘call out’, but early Christian writers used it for ‘shout for joy’. Under its influence Greek iōbēlaios became Latin jūbilaeus, which was used in the expression annus jūbilaeus to denote this special Jewish year.

It soon came to be used as a noun in its own right, and in this role passed via Old French jubile into English. By this time the ideas of ‘fifty years’ and ‘joy, celebration’ had mingled to such an extent that the word was being used for a ‘fiftieth anniversary’ or its celebration, a sense which remained current until the early 20th century (in present-day English it means simply ‘anniversary’, usually of a monarch’s accession, and the period involved has to be defined by golden, silver, etc).

jubilee (n.)

late 14c., in the Old Testament sense, from Old French jubileu "jubille; anniversary; rejoicing," from Late Latin jubilaeus "the jubilee year," originally an adjective, "of the jubilee," altered (by association with Latin jubilare "to shout with joy") from Greek iabelaios, from iobelos, from Hebrew yobhel "jubilee," formerly "a trumpet, ram's horn," literally "ram."

The original notion was of a year of emancipation of slaves and restoration of lands, to be celebrated every 50th year (Levit. xxv:9); it was proclaimed by the sounding of a ram's horn on the Day of Atonement. The Catholic Church sense of "a period for remission of sin penalties in exchange for pilgrimages, alms, etc." was begun in 1300 by Boniface VIII. The general sense of "season of rejoicing" is first recorded mid-15c., though through early 20c. the word kept its specific association with 50th anniversaries. As a type of African-American folk song, it is attested from 1872.

1. She arrived in St Ives to celebrate the Queen's Silver Jubilee.

她抵達了聖艾夫斯以慶祝女王登基25周年。

來自柯林斯例句

2. The company is celebrating its golden jubilee.

這家公司在舉行50周年慶典。

來自柯林斯例句

3. Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee celebrations

維多利亞女王登基50周年慶典

來自《權威詞典》

4. the silver jubilee of the Queen's accession

女王登基25周年大慶

來自《權威詞典》

5. They had a big jubilee to celebrate the victory.

他們舉行盛大的周年紀念活動以祝賀勝利.

來自《簡明英漢詞典》