incumbent

• adj. 現任的；依靠的；負有職責的
• n. 在職者；現任者；領聖俸者

in-,進入，使，在上麵，-cumb,躺，詞源同incubate,succumb.即躺在上麵的，引申詞義在任者。

incumbent (n.)

early 15c., "person holding a church position," from Medieval Latin incumbentem (nominative incumbens) "holder of a church position," noun use of present participle of incumbere "to obtain or possess," from Latin incumbere "recline on," figuratively "apply oneself to," from in- "on" (see in- (2)) + -cumbere "lie down," related to cubare "to lie" (see cubicle). Extended to holders of any office from 1670s.

incumbent (adj.)

1560s, in relation to duties or obligations, from Latin incumbentem (nominative incumbens), present participle of incumbere (see incumbent (n.)). The literal, physical sense is rare in English and first attested 1620s.

1. It is incumbent upon all of us to make an extra effort.

我們所有人都必須加倍努力。

來自柯林斯例句

2. the present incumbent of the White House

現任美國總統

來自《權威詞典》

3. He defeated the incumbent governor by a large plurality.

他以壓倒多數票擊敗了現任州長.

來自《簡明英漢詞典》

4. The old man is an incumbent.

那位老人是一位教區牧師.

來自《簡明英漢詞典》

5. It is incumbent upon us to do so.

這樣做是我們義不容辭的責任.

來自《簡明英漢詞典》