gin
英 [dʒɪn]
美 [dʒɪn]
- n. 杜鬆子酒；網；[機] 三角起重機
- vi. 喝杜鬆子酒； 用陷阱(或網)捕捉，誘捕(獵物)
- n. (Gin)人名；(朝)緊；(俄)吉恩；(英、緬)金；(日)訚(名)
助記提示
1. 金酒有許多稱呼：香港、廣東地區稱為氈酒；台北稱為琴酒，又因其含有特殊的杜鬆子味道，所以又被稱為杜鬆子酒。
2. 金酒，又名叫杜鬆子酒（geneva）或琴酒，最先由荷蘭生產，在英國大量生產後聞名於世，是世界第一大類的烈酒。
3. “金酒”是該詞的音譯，氈酒、琴酒也是該詞的音譯。
4. engine => gin.
5. One is short of engine, the other is short of geneva.
6. geneva => gin.
7. juniper => *genever, *genevre => geneva (remodelled and influenced on the basis of the name of the Swiss city) => gin.
8. begin => gin.
中文詞源
gin 杜鬆子酒詞源同juniper, 杜鬆，刺柏。
gin 軌棉機來自engine的縮寫。
英文詞源
- gin
- gin: Gin ‘alcoholic drink’ [18] and gin ‘trap’ [13] are different words, but both originated as abbreviations. The latter comes from Old French engin (source of English engine), while the former is short for geneva. This now obsolete term for the spirit was borrowed via Dutch genever from Old French genevre, a derivative of Latin jūniperus ‘juniper’ (juniper being the chief flavouring agent of gin). English geneva was remodelled on the basis of the name of the Swiss city.
=> engine; juniper - gin (n.1)
- type of distilled drinking alcohol, 1714, shortening of geneva, altered (by influence of the name of the Swiss city, with which it has no connection) from Dutch genever "gin," literally "juniper" (because the alcohol was flavored with its berries), from Old French genevre "the plant juniper" (12c.), from Vulgar Latin *jeniperus, from Latin juniperus "juniper" (see juniper). Gin and tonic is attested by 1873; gin-sling by 1790; gin-fizz (with lemon juice and aerated water) is from 1878. Gin-mill, U.S. slang for "low-class tavern or saloon where spirits are drunk" (1872) might be a play on the senses from gin (n.2). British gin-palace "gaudily decorated tavern or saloon where spirits are drunk" is from 1831.
The card game gin rummy first attested 1941 (described in "Life" that year as the latest Hollywood fad); OED lists it with the entries for the liquor, but the sense connection seems obscure other than as a play on rummy. - gin (n.2)
- "machine for separating cotton from seeds," 1796, American English, used earlier of other machineries, especially of war or torture, from Middle English gin "ingenious device, contrivance" (c. 1200), from Old French gin "machine, device, scheme," shortened form of engin (see engine). The verb in this sense is recorded from 1789. Related: Ginned; ginning. Middle English had ginful "ingenious, crafty; guileful, treacherous" (c. 1300).
- gin (v.1)
- in slang phrase gin up "enliven, make more exciting," 1887 (ginning is from 1825), perhaps a special use of the verb associated with gin (n.2) "engine," but perhaps rather or also from ginger up in the same sense (1849), which is from ginger in sense of "spice, pizzazz;" specifically in reference to the treatment described in the 1811 edition of Grose's slang dictionary under the entry for feague:
... to put ginger up a horse's fundament, and formerly, as it is said, a live eel, to make him lively and carry his tail well; it is said, a forfeit is incurred by any horse-dealer's servant, who shall shew a horse without first feaguing him. Feague is used, figuratively, for encouraging or spiriting one up.
- gin (v.2)
- "to begin," c. 1200, ginnen, shortened form of beginnen (see begin).
雙語例句
- 1. He had gone out to get the gin. The cigarettes were nowhere.
- 他去外邊拿杜鬆子酒了，煙不知放哪兒了。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. With gin at 9p a tot, getting plastered is cheap and easy.
- 一小杯杜鬆子酒隻要9便士，灌醉自己即便宜又容易。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. She added only a hint of vermouth to the gin.
- 她隻在杜鬆子酒裏加了少許苦艾酒。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. Melissa had guzzled gin and tonics like they were lemonade.
- 梅利莎像喝檸檬汽水一樣大口地喝著加奎寧水的杜鬆子酒。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. He was knocking back his 10th gin and tonic of the day.
- 他正在大口喝著今天的第10杯加奎寧水的杜鬆子酒。
來自柯林斯例句