extinct
英 [ɪk'stɪŋkt; ek-]
美 [ɪk'stɪŋkt]
助記提示
1. extinct 的引申義原理可與 put out (熄滅、消滅) 類比。
2. 基本意思就是說通過 stinct- 將其清除出去(out)，這裏的 out 使用其引申義，也就是讓其不存在與某個範圍之內，這個範圍可大可小，可明確、可模糊，eg: out of world, out of control, 而 stinct- 隻是手段而已，out 就是讓其退出，讓其退出於我們的視野，讓其消失在我們的周圍。
中文詞源
extinct 滅絕的，絕種的ex-, 向外。-stinct, 刺，詞源同instinct, stick. 即拔刺，拔出，比喻義連根拔起，滅絕。
英文詞源
- extinct
- extinct: [15] Latin stinguere appears originally to have meant ‘prick, stick’ (a sense revealed in the derivative from which English gets distinct), but in historical times the only record of it we have is in the later, and rather remote metaphorical meaning ‘quench’. With the addition of the prefix ex- ‘out’ it became extinguere ‘put out’, whence English extinguish [16]. Extinct comes from its past participle, extinctus, and originally meant ‘put out, no longer alight’: ‘That fire was extinct’, Ranulph Higden, Polychronicon 1432– 50.
Its modern use, ‘having died out’, dates – in relation to species, families, etc – from the late 17th century.
=> distinct, extinguish - extinct (adj.)
- early 15c., "extinguished, quenched," from Latin extinctus/exstinctus, past participle of extinguere/exstinguere "to put out, quench; go out, die out; kill, destroy" (see extinguish). Originally of fires; in reference to the condition of a family or a hereditary title that has "died out," from 1580s; of species by 1768. Shakespeare uses it as a verb. Compare extinction.
雙語例句
- 1. Herbalism had become an all but extinct skill in the Western world.
- 草藥醫術在西方已經成了一門幾乎絕跡的技藝。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. Its tallest volcano, long extinct, is Olympus Mons.
- 它最高的火山是早已熄滅的奧林波斯山。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. Servants are now almost extinct in modern society.
- 在現代社會裏奴仆已近乎不複存在。
來自《權威詞典》
- 4. The extinct volcano's eruption would mean a cataclysm for the city.
- 死火山又重新噴發,對這座城市來說意味著大難臨頭.
來自《簡明英漢詞典》
- 5. Nothing could rekindle her extinct passion.
- 她激情已逝,無從心回意轉.
來自《簡明英漢詞典》