drug: [14] Drug is one of the mystery words of the language. It is clear that English acquired it from Old French drogue, but no one is certain where the French word came from. One suggestion is that it originated in Arabic dūrawā ‘chaff’; another, rather more likely, is that its source was Dutch droog ‘dry’, via either the phrase droge waere ‘dry goods’ or droge vate ‘dry barrels’, a common expression for ‘goods packed in barrels’. It has spread to many other European languages, including Italian and Spanish droga, German droge, and Swedish drog.
drug (n.)
late 14c. (early 14c. in Anglo-French), "medicine, chemical ingredients," from Old French droge "supply, stock, provision" (14c.), which is of unknown origin, perhaps from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German droge-vate "dry barrels," or droge waere, literally "dry wares," but specifically drugs and spices, with first element mistaken as word for the contents (see dry goods), or because medicines mostly consisted of dried herbs.
Compare Latin species, in Late Latin "wares," then specialized to "spices" (French épice, English spice). The same source produced Italian and Spanish droga, Swedish drog.
Application to "narcotics and opiates" is late 19c., though association with "poisons" is 1500s. Druggie first recorded 1968. To be a drug on or in the market (mid-17c.) is of doubtful connection and may be a different word, perhaps a play on drag, which was sometimes drug c. 1240-1800.
drug (v.)
c. 1600, from drug (n.). Related: drugged; drugging.
雙語例句
1. Doctors are complaining about being barraged by drug-company salesmen.
醫生們抱怨他們疲於應付醫藥公司的銷售人員。
來自柯林斯例句
2. She's kicked her drug habit and learned that her life has value.
她已經戒了毒，並且認識到了生命可貴。
來自柯林斯例句
3. They have been treated with this drug in clinical trials.
他們已在臨床試驗中接受過這種藥物的治療。
來自柯林斯例句
4. The war against drug peddling is all about cash.
禁毒鬥爭歸根到底是錢的問題。
來自柯林斯例句
5. In 1985, he began to show signs of alcohol and drug dependency.