draught
英 [drɑːft]
美 [drɑft]
- n. 氣流；匯票；草稿（等於draft）
- vt. 起草；征兵；選派（等於draft）
- adj. 汲出的；拖拉的（等於draft）
助記提示
1. from drag, draw. draught 與 drag，draw 同源或者說就源於這兩個單詞。draft is spelling variant of draught.
2. Most of its modern English meanings are fairly transparently descended from the idea of 'pulling': 'draught beer', for example, is 'drawn' from a barrel.
3. Of the less obvious ones, 'current of air' is air that is 'drawn' through an opening;
4. the game draughts comes from an earlier, Middle English sense of draught, 'act of drawing a piece across the board in chess and similar games';
5. while draft 'provisional plan' was originally 'something drawn or sketched'.
6. draw => draught, draft. dry => drought.
中文詞源
draught 通風氣流，棋子來自PIE*dhragh, 拉，吸出，詞源同drag,draw. 引申義通風氣流，棋子，喝一口。
英文詞源
- draught
- draught: [12] Draught and draft are essentially the same word, but draft (more accurately representing its modern English pronunciation) has become established since the 18th century as the spelling for ‘preliminary drawing or plan’, ‘money order’, and (in American English) ‘conscription’. The word itself probably comes from an unrecorded Old Norse *drahtr, an abstract noun meaning ‘pulling’ derived from a prehistoric Germanic verb *dragan (source of English drag and draw).
Most of its modern English meanings are fairly transparently descended from the idea of ‘pulling’: ‘draught beer’, for example, is ‘drawn’ from a barrel. Of the less obvious ones, ‘current of air’ is air that is ‘drawn’ through an opening; the game draughts comes from an earlier, Middle English sense of draught, ‘act of drawing a piece across the board in chess and similar games’; while draft ‘provisional plan’ was originally ‘something drawn or sketched’.
=> draft, drag, draw - draught (n.)
- c. 1200, from Old English *dreaht, *dræht, related to dragan "to draw, drag" (see drag (v.)). Oldest sense besides that of "pulling" is of "drinking." It retains the functions that did not branch off with draft (q.v.).
雙語例句
- 1. They drink bitter on draught in the local bar.
- 他們在當地的酒吧裏喝桶裝的苦啤酒。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. One of the night-duty nuns gave her a sleeping draught.
- 一個值夜班的修女給了她一劑安眠藥水。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. The restaurant is licensed, offering draught beers, wines, spirits and soft drinks.
- 這家餐館有酒類經營執照，提供紮啤、葡萄酒、烈性酒和汽水。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. Draught beer is available too.
- 還提供桶裝啤酒。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. He took a draught of beer.
- 他喝了一大口啤酒。
來自柯林斯例句