confused是什麽意思

confused

英 [kən'fjuːzd] 美 [kən'fjuzd]

confused (adj.): early 14c., "discomfited, routed, defeated" (of groups), serving at first as an alternative past participle of confound, as Latin confusus was the past participle of confundere "to pour together, mix, mingle; to join together;" hence, figuratively, "to throw into disorder; to trouble, disturb, upset." The Latin past participle also was used as an adjective, with reference to mental states, "troubled, embarrassed," and this passed into Old French as confus "dejected, downcast, undone, defeated, discomfited in mind or feeling," which passed to Middle English as confus (14c.; for example Chaucer's "I am so confus, that I may not seye"), which then was assimilated to the English past participle pattern by addition of -ed. Of individuals, "discomfited in mind, perplexed," from mid-14c.; of ideas, speech, thought, etc., from 1610s. By mid-16c., the word seems to have been felt as a pure adj., and it evolved a back-formed verb in confuse. Few English etymologies are more confused.

2. This policy, they say, is at best confused and at worst non-existent.: 有人說這項政策往好裏說是混亂不堪，往壞裏說就是形同虛設。

3. Things were happening too quickly and Brian was confused.: 事情發生得太快，把布賴恩給弄糊塗了。

4. Russia's efforts to attract investment have been halting and confused.: 俄羅斯在吸引投資上一直躊躇不前，混亂不清。