borough
英 ['bʌrə]
美 ['bɝro]
- n. 區；自治的市鎮
- n. (Borough)人名；(英)伯勒
助記提示
1. *burg- / *bourg- 'protect, fortress' (whence also bury), a variant of *berg- (source of English barrow 'mound' and German berg 'mountain, hill') and *borg- (source of English borrow).
2. *burg- / *bourg- meaning began to change from 'fortress', through 'fortified town', to simply 'town'.
3. *burg- => borough (Old English burg or burh).
4. 本義：a dwelling or dwellings within a fortified enclosure.
中文詞源
borough 行政區來自PIE *bhergh(2), 高，高山。原指建於山上的城堡。參照電影《魔戒》建於高山的壯觀的鋼鐸城。詞源同burg, 城鎮。
英文詞源
- borough
- borough: [OE] Borough (Old English burg or burh) comes from Germanic *burgs ‘fortress’ (whence also German burg ‘castle, stronghold’). It was a derivative of the base *burg- ‘protect’ (whence also bury), a variant of *berg- (source of English barrow ‘mound’ and German berg ‘mountain’) and *borg- (source of English borrow).
At some time during the prehistoric Germanic period a progression in meaning began to take place from ‘fortress’ (which had largely died out in English by 1000), through ‘fortified town’, to simply ‘town’. Romance languages borrowed the word, giving for instance French bourg, from which English gets burgess [13] and bourgeois [16]. Burrow [13] is probably a variant form.
=> bourgeois, burgess, burrow, bury - borough (n.)
- Old English burg, burh "a dwelling or dwellings within a fortified enclosure," from Proto-Germanic *burgs "hill fort, fortress" (cognates: Old Frisian burg "castle," Old Norse borg "wall, castle," Old High German burg, buruc "fortified place, citadel," German Burg "castle," Gothic baurgs "city"), from PIE root *bhergh- (2) "high," with derivatives referring to hills, hill forts, fortified elevations (source also of Old English beorg "hill;" see barrow (n.2)).
In German and Old Norse, chiefly as "fortress, castle;" in Gothic, "town, civic community." Meaning shifted in Middle English from "fortress," to "fortified town," to simply "town" (especially one possessing municipal organization or sending representatives to Parliament). In U.S. (originally Pennsylvania, 1718) often an incorporated town; in Alaska, however, it is the equivalent of a county. The Scottish form is burgh. The Old English dative singular byrig survives in many place names as -bury.
雙語例句
- 1. The Department is inviting applications from groups within the Borough.
- 該部門歡迎本行政區內各團體提出申請。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. Families of six or seven are the norm in Borough Park.
- 在區公園住宅區六口或七口之家十分普遍。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. The borough is twinned with Kasel in Germany.
- 該自治市與德國的卡瑟爾市結成了友好城市。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. the London borough of Westminster
- 倫敦的威斯敏斯特自治市
來自《權威詞典》
- 5. Oradell is a borough in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States.
- 奧拉德爾是美國新澤西州卑爾根縣中的小鎮.
來自互聯網