balk
英 [bɔːlk; bɔːk]
美 [bɔk]
- n. 障礙；錯誤
- vt. 阻止；推諉；錯過
- vi. 猶豫；突然止步不前
- n. (Balk)人名；(英)鮑克；(瑞典)巴爾克；(法、德、俄、芬)巴爾克
助記提示
1. block, balcony => balk => balky.
2. PIE *bhelg- "a thick plank, beam, plank" => PIE *bhlug- => block.
3. PIE *bhelg- "a thick plank, beam, plank" => Proto-Germanic *balk- => balk, balcony.
4. PIE *bhelg- "a thick plank, beam, plank" (cf. Latin fulcire "to prop up, support," fulcrum "bedpost").
5. 木板所起的作用不外乎就是隔離、阻擋和支撐、支持兩個作用。
6. => ridge, bank.
中文詞源
balk 畏縮不前來自PIE *bhel(2), 膨脹，鼓，詞源同bole, 樹幹，原指樹幹堆起來的障礙物，後指障礙，令人畏懼的東西。-k, 硬化音，表強調，比較hear, 聽，hark, 聽.
英文詞源
- balk
- balk: [OE] There are two separate strands of meaning in balk, or baulk, as it is also spelled. When it first entered English in the 9th century, from Old Norse bálkr, it meant a ‘ridge of land, especially one between ploughed furrows’, from which the modern sense ‘stumbling block, obstruction’ developed. It is not until about 1300 that the meaning ‘beam of timber’ appears in English, although it was an established sense of the Old Norse word’s Germanic ancestor *balkon (source also of English balcony).
The common element of meaning in these two strands is something like ‘bar’, which may have been present in the word’s ultimate Indo- European base *bhalg- (possible source of Greek phálagx ‘log, phalanx’).
=> balcony, phalanx - balk (n.)
- Old English balca "ridge, bank," from or influenced by Old Norse balkr "ridge of land," especially between two plowed furrows, both from Proto-Germanic *balkon- (cognates: Old Saxon balko, Danish bjelke, Old Frisian balka, Old High German balcho, German Balken "beam, rafter"), from PIE *bhelg- "beam, plank" (cognates: Latin fulcire "to prop up, support," fulcrum "bedpost;" Lithuanian balziena "cross-bar;" and possibly Greek phalanx "trunk, log, line of battle"). Modern senses are figurative, representing the balk as a hindrance or obstruction (see balk (v.)). Baseball sense is first attested 1845.
- balk (v.)
- late 14c., "to leave an unplowed ridge when plowing," from balk (n.). Extended meaning "to omit, intentionally neglect" is mid-15c. Most modern senses are figurative, from the notion of a balk in the fields as a hindrance or obstruction: sense of "stop short" (as a horse confronted with an obstacle) is late 15c.; that of "to refuse" is 1580s. Related: Balked; balking.
雙語例句
- 1. To emancipate all mankind, we will balk at no sacrifice . even that of our lives.
- 為了全人類的解放, 即使犧牲生命也在所不惜.
來自《現代漢英綜合大詞典》
- 2. Even biology undergraduates may balk at animal experiments.
- 麵對動物實驗，哪怕是生物專業的大學生也會畏縮。
來自辭典例句
- 3. Even a single man bad been able to balk him.
- 一個人就把他難倒了.
來自辭典例句
- 4. That was a balk to us.
- 那對我們是個挫折.
來自辭典例句
- 5. Balk the purpose of those who threaten us.
- 遏止那些威脅我們的人的目的.
來自辭典例句