arm: [OE] The two distinct senses of arm, ‘limb’ and ‘weapon’, both go back ultimately to the same source, the Indo-European base *ar- ‘fit, join’ (which also produced art and article). One derivative of this was Latin arma ‘weapons, tools’, which entered English via Old French armes in the 13th century (the singular form was virtually unknown before the 19th century, but the verb arm, from Latin armāre via Old French armer, came into the language in the 13th century).
The other strand is represented in several European languages, meaning variously ‘joint’, ‘shoulder’, and ‘arm’: Latin armus ‘shoulder’, for example, and Greek harmos ‘joint’. The prehistoric Germanic form was *armaz, from which developed, among others, German, Dutch, Swedish, and English arm. => art, article
arm (n.1)
"upper limb," Old English earm "arm," from Proto-Germanic *armaz (cognates: Old Saxon, Danish, Swedish, Middle Dutch, German arm, Old Norse armr, Old Frisian erm), from PIE root *ar- "fit, join" (cognates: Sanskrit irmah "arm," Armenian armukn "elbow," Old Prussian irmo "arm," Greek arthron "a joint," Latin armus "shoulder"). Arm of the sea was in Old English. Arm-twister "powerful persuader" is from 1938. Arm-wrestling is from 1899.
They wenten arme in arme yfere Into the gardyn [Chaucer]
arm (n.2)
"weapon," c. 1300, armes (plural) "weapons of a warrior," from Old French armes (plural), "arms, war, warfare," mid-13c., from Latin arma "weapons" (including armor), literally "tools, implements (of war)," from PIE root *ar- "fit, join" (see arm (n.1)). The notion seems to be "that which is fitted together." Meaning "heraldic insignia" (in coat of arms, etc.) is early 14c.; originally they were borne on shields of fully armed knights or barons.
arm (v.)
"to furnish with weapons," c. 1200, from Old French armer or directly from Latin armare, from arma (see arm (n.2)). Related: Armed; arming.
雙語例句
1. When you are sitting, keep your elbow on the arm rest.
坐立時，把胳膊肘靠在扶手上。
來自柯林斯例句
2. Amy lifted her arm to wave. "Goodbye," she called.
埃米舉起胳膊揮揮手。“再見，”她喊道。
來自柯林斯例句
3. He is recovering from an operation to reset his arm.
他做了一個手臂複位手術，正在恢複。
來自柯林斯例句
4. A roll of fat jiggled on the underside of her arm.
她胳膊下側有一層肥肉一顫一顫的。
來自柯林斯例句
5. The paper is openly critical of the strong-arm president.