Gentile
英 ['dʒentaɪl]
美 ['dʒɛntaɪl]
- adj. 非猶太人的；異教徒的；非摩門教徒的
- n. 非猶太人；異教徒；異邦人
- n. (Gentile)人名；(法)讓蒂勒；(意)真蒂萊；(英)金泰爾
助記提示
1. gent- + -ile.
2. literally "person belonging to the same family or clan".
3. => foreign, heathen, pagan.
4. => non-Jewish people.
5. 該詞的本義是表示“同一族群的人”，後來就特指“非猶太族群的其它族群的人”，這是在翻譯猶太人的《聖經》時而出現的特指，借譯對應的希臘語詞“ethnic”，不過“ethnic”的這個特指含義已經廢棄不用了。
中文詞源
gentile 非猶太人，外邦人來自拉丁文gens, 種族，民族，異族。來自詞根gen, 生育，詞源同generate. 後用來指非猶太人，外邦人。
英文詞源
- gentile (n.)
- "one who is not a Jew," c. 1400; earlier "one who is not a Christian, a pagan" (late 14c.), from Late Latin noun use of Latin gentilis "of the same family or clan, of or belonging to a Roman gens," from gens (genitive gentis) "race, clan" (see genus, and compare gentle).
The Latin adjective also meant "of or belonging to the same nation," hence, as a noun, gentiles (plural) might mean "men of family; persons belonging to the same family; fellow countrymen, kinsmen," but also "foreigners, barbarians" (as opposed to Romans), those bound only by the Jus Gentium, the "law of nations," defined as "the law that natural reason establishes among all mankind and is followed by all peoples alike."
The Latin word then was used in the Vulgate to translate Greek ethnikos (see ethnic), from ta ethne "the nations," which translated Hebrew ha goyim "the (non-Jewish) nations" (see goy). Hence in Late Latin, after the Christianization of Rome, gentilis also could mean "pagans, heathens," as opposed to Christians. Based on Scripture, gentile also was used by Mormons (1847) and Shakers (1857) to refer to those not of their profession.
雙語例句
- 1. The other parts of Dr Gentile's study looked at established behaviour.
- Gentile博士 這次研究的其他部分著眼於既定行為.
來自互聯網
- 2. Gentile was a former American gangster who had worked for the Allied Military Government in Sicily.
- Gentile是美國的前強盜,他曾為西西裏的前盟軍政府工作過.
來自互聯網
- 3. In short, the end of the gentile constitution was approaching.
- 一句話, 氏族製度已經走到了盡頭.
來自英漢非文學 - 家庭、私有製和國家的起源
- 4. Right to bear the gentile name.
- 使用氏族名稱的權利.
來自英漢非文學 - 家庭、私有製和國家的起源
- 5. A gentile name confers of itself gentile rights.
- 氏族的人名一開始就同氏族的權利緊密結合在一起.
來自英漢非文學 - 家庭、私有製和國家的起源